The primary purpose of earthing is to ensure the safety and reliability of electrical systems by providing a low-resistance path for fault currents to safely dissipate into the ground. This protects both people and equipment from electrical hazards such as shocks, fires, and damage caused by electrical surges or lightning strikes.

Earthing stabilizes voltage levels in electrical systems, preventing dangerous voltage fluctuations that could otherwise harm sensitive equipment or cause system failures. It is an essential component in maintaining the integrity and efficiency of electrical installations, ensuring that all conductive parts are at the same potential, thereby reducing the risk of electric shocks and fires.